3种重金属离子对中华鳑鲏鱼的急性毒性及安全浓度研究

Study on Acute Toxicity and Safe Concentration of 3 Heavy Metal Ions to Rhodens sinensis Gunther

[目的]找出Hg2+、Cu2+和Cd2+3种重金属离子对中华鳑鲏鱼(Rhodens sinensis Gunther)的急性毒性效应和安全浓度。[方法]采用静水生物法研究了Hg2+、Cu2+和Cd2+对中华鳑鲏鱼的急性毒性作用,采用概率单位-对数图解法计算了3种重金属离子对中华鳑鲏鱼24、48、72、96h的半致死质量浓度(LC50)。[结果]Hg2+和Cu2+对中华鳑鲏鱼的毒性较强;Cd2+对中华鳑鲏鱼的毒性相对较弱。3种金属离子的毒性大小顺序为:Hg2+>Cu2+>Cd2+,它们对中华鳑鲏鱼24h的LC50分别为0.222、0.344和10.360mg/L,48h的LC50分别为0.215、0.279和8.820mg/L,72h的LC50分别为0.204、0.256和7.910mg/L,96h的LC50分别为0.193、0.236和7.270mg/L,安全浓度分别为0.00193、0.00236和0.07270mg/L。[结论]中华鳑鲏鱼对Cd2+有较强的耐受力,对Cu2+比较敏感。

[Objective]The research aimed to study the acute toxicity and safe concentration of Hg^2＋,Cu^2＋ and Cd^2＋ to Rhodens sinensis Gunther.[Method]The acute toxicity of Hg^2＋,Cu^2＋ and Cd^2＋ to Rhodens sinensis Gunther were determined with the static test method,and the helf lethal concentration（LC50）were of Hg^2＋,Cu^2＋and Cd^2＋ to Rhodens sinensis Gunther at 24,48,72 and 96 h were calculated with probit-logarithmic diagrams method.[Result]The results showed that Hg^2＋and Cu^2＋had stronger toxicities to Rhodens sinensis Gunther,while Cd^2＋ had weaker toxicities to Rhodens sinensis Gunther relatively. The toxicities to Rhodens sinensis Gunther was in order：Hg^2＋Cu^2＋ Cd^2＋,and theie LC50 to Rhodens sinensis Gunther were 0.222,0.344 and 10.3 60 mg/L at 24 h,0.215,0.279 and 8.820 mg/L at 48 h,0.204,0.256 and 7.910 mg/L at 72 h,0.193,0.236 and 7.270 mg/L at 96 h,respectively,and their safe concentration to Rhodens sinensis Gunther were 0.001 93,0.002 36 and 0.072 70 mg/L respectively.[Conclusion]Rhodens sinensis Gunther has stronger resistance to Cd^2＋ and is sensitive to Cu^2＋.