海阳市苹果和桃树开花期间气象条件分析

Analysis of Meteorological Conditions during Apple and Peach Trees' Blossom Period in Haiyang City

通过对近7年苹果、桃2个经济品种果树开花期的物候观测,对海阳市果树开花时期的气象条件、4月下旬出现晚霜冻的天气形势进行了分析和总结。通过资料分析,由于地形的影响,海阳市4月份气温南北差异较大,北部地区果树的始花期比南部地区早5～8d;≥0℃累积积温和气温稳定通过某界限温度日期是果树始花期的重要气象指标,4月中、下旬晚霜冻是果树开花时期重要气象灾害;针对晚霜冻产生的天气背景及致灾原因提出了晚霜冻的预防措施。

By observating the phenology of two kinds of fruit trees,including apple and peach trees,during the flowering period in the past seven years,the meteorological conditions during the flowering fruit trees,and the late frost weather situation occurred in late April in Haiyang City were analyzed and summarized. According to data analysis,because of the terrain effect,it has a large temperature differences between north and south in April in Haiyang. Beginning flowering of fruit trees is as early as 5-8 days in the northern region than in the southern region; accumulated temperature of greater than or equal 0 ℃ and the date of the temperature stably through a boundary,are the important meteorological indicators of the fruit trees＇ beginning flowering. The late frost in mid-late April is meteorological disasters of the fruit trees flowering period. For the weather background that the late frost occurred and the disaster reasons,the measures for the prevention of late frost were proposed.