滇池流域农业沟渠系统景观特征分析

Analysis on Landscape Characteristics of Agricultural Ditches in Lake Dianchi Basin

近年来,随着沟渠生态功能退化,导致区域生态质量不断恶化。根据景观生态学的廊道理论和尺度格局原理,在现状调查的基础上,利用地理信息系统技术对滇池流域农业沟渠进行空间格局分析和网络分析。结果表明,高级别沟渠多数为混凝土或砖石衬砌结构,其缓冲带植被覆盖度低,沟渠断面宽度与植被带宽度比值较小;通过网络结构分析,发现滇池流域农业沟渠网络结构相似,连通度和环度较低,滇池东南岸和南岸研究区沟渠分维数大,沟渠分布较均匀。

In recent years,the ecological quality of ditches became worse and worse with the degradation of its ecological functioning. It was necessary to apply a multi-disciplinary and multi-scale approach to study ditches based on landscape ecology theory. Spatial and network features of agricultural ditches in Lake Dianchi basin were analyzed by geographic information system technology. The results indicated that the ditches at high level were made by concrete or block stones,the coverage of vegetation of buffer zones and width ratio between ditch sections and vegetation zones were very low; The network of agricultural ditches in Lake Dianchi basin had similar characteristics,the connectivity and circuitry were low,and the fractal dimension index of ditch network were larger in southeastern and southern banks.