干扰素对人甲状腺细胞表面抗原表达的影响

Effect of interferon on surface antigen expression of human thyrocytes

目的研究干扰素（ＩＦＮα、ＩＦＮγ）及激素对人正常甲状腺细胞表面抗原表达的影响，以探讨ＩＦＮα导致自身免疫性甲状腺病（ＡＩＴＤ）的可能机制。方法应用ＩＦＮα、ＩＦＮγ、促甲状腺激素（ＴＳＨ）及催乳素（ＰＲＬ），刺激体外培养的来自６名正常人的甲状腺细胞，通过免疫荧光染色及流式细胞仪测定其表面抗原—ＨＬＡＤＲ、细胞间粘附分子１（ＩＣＡＭ１）、Ｂ７．１和甲状腺过氧化物酶（ＴＰＯ）的表达。结果（１）ＩＦＮα明显诱导甲状腺细胞表达ＩＣＡＭ１、Ｂ７．１和ＴＰＯ（分别为Ｐ＜０．０１、Ｐ＜０．０１、Ｐ＜０．０５）；（２）ＩＦＮγ明显诱导甲状腺细胞表达ＨＬＡＤＲ、ＩＣＡＭ１，但对Ｂ７．１的表达无促进作用（Ｐ＜０．０１、Ｐ＜０．０１、Ｐ＞０．０５）；（３）ＰＲＬ显著诱导甲状腺细胞表达ＩＣＡＭ１、Ｂ７．１和ＴＰＯ（Ｐ＜０．０５、Ｐ＜０．０１、Ｐ＜０．０１）。结论协同刺激信号对ＡＩＴＤ的发生起着关键作用。ＩＦＮα显著诱导甲状腺细胞表达协同刺激信号（Ｂ７．１）和自身抗原ＴＰＯ，可能是临床应用ＩＦＮα诱致ＡＩＴＤ的致病原因之一。

Objective To study the effects of interferons (IFN α,IFN γ) on the surface antigen expression of human thyrocytes. Methods The expressions of HLA DR, ICAM 1, B 7.1 and thyroid peroxidase (TPO) by cultured thyrocytes from six normal persons induced by IFN α, IFN γ, TSH and PRL were investigated using immunofluorescence staining with flow cytometer. Results (1)IFN α significantly stimulated the expression of ICAM 1, B 7.1 and TPO, as comparedwiththoseofcontrol group (P<0.01, <0.01, <0.05, respectively). (2)IFN γ markedly enhanced the expressionofHLA DRandICAM 1, but not B 7.1 (P<0.01, <0.01, >0.05, respectively). (3)PRL increased expression of ICAM 1, B 7.1, as well as overexpression of TPO (P<0.05, <0.01, <0.01, respectively). Conclusion The thyroid autoimmunity induced by IFN α is associated with the expression of ICAM 1, B 7.1 and TPO. IFN γ could not induce the expression of B 7.1, therefore it is not an initiator in AITD. In addition, more attention should be paid to PRL which possibly plays an important role in the initiation and perpetuation of postpartum thyroiditis.