黄精生殖生物学特性研究

Study on Reproductive Biology of Polygonatum sibiricum Redoute

[目的]研究黄精开花习性、花粉活力与授粉方式。[方法]在黄精花期定株定点记录观察开花习性、用0.5%TTC染色检测各期花粉活力、通过5种不同人工授粉处理确定黄精授粉方式。[结果]黄精4月12日现蕾,29日开花,5月29日终花,花期30d。花粉在开花前即具活力,且高于花后活力,花后10h花粉活力变的很低;黄精平均花粉活力为68.24%;黄精的自由授粉结实率为36.33%,自交结实率为33.67%,表明黄精为自花授粉植物。[结论]该研究为黄精规范化栽培及良种繁育提供了理论依据。

[Objective]The paper aims to study the flowering habit,pollen vigor and pollinating patten of Chinese herbal medicine Polygonatum sibiricum Redoute.[Method]The flowering habit of polygonatum is observed and recorded regularly and fixedly,the activity of pollen at different flowering periods is detected by 0.5%TTC and at last the pollinating pattern is determined through 5 different artificial pollinations.[Result]The Polygonatum buds at April 12,blooms at April 29 and withers at May 29 with a florescence of 30 days,pollen vigor before the bloom is stronger than that after the bloom,and drops to the lowest ten days after the bloom;the average pollen vigor is 68.24%;the seed set percentage of natural cross-pollination and self-pollination is 36.33% and 33.67% respectively,which indicates that polygonatum is self-pollination plant.[Conclusion]This study Provides a theoretical basis for Standardized cultivation and breeding of high-quality seed of polygonatum.