复垦盐渍化弃耕地客土改良初探

Primary Exploration on Alien Soil Improvement of Reclaimed Abandoned Salinated Field

[目的]比较客土掺沙对复垦盐渍化弃耕地的改良效果。[方法]以干旱区绿洲复垦第1年的盐渍化弃耕地为研究对象,采用表层覆沙和耕层翻沙的方法对其进行客土改良,研究不同改良方式土壤颗粒组成、含水量及盐分的变化情况。[结果]表层覆沙对盐渍化弃耕地的改良效果不明显,而耕层翻沙则明显改善了土壤结构,具体表现为:耕层0～30cm土壤颗粒组成中粘粒含量减少而砂粒含量增加,土壤盐分含量降低。综合考虑改盐效果及成本,耕层沙-土体积比为1:6～1:3的耕层翻沙处理对复垦盐渍化弃耕地的改良效果最好。[结论]该研究确定了复垦盐渍化弃耕地的最佳改良方案。

[Objective]The purpose of the study was to compare the improving effects of different improvement methods on reclaimed abandoned salinated field.[Method]With 1st-year reclaimed abandoned salinated field in oases of dry area as study object,it was improved with alien soil through surface-covering sand and turning over sand from ploughed layers,and then the variations of particle composition,water content and salinity in soil were studied by using different improvement methods.[Result]The improving effect of surface-covering sand on abandoned salinated field was not obvious and the soil structure was improved obviously through turning over sand from ploughed layers.It was embodied that in the ploughed layer of 0-30 cm,the coemid content was reduced and the sand content was increased in grain composition of soil and the salinity content of soil was decreased.Taking improving effect and cost into consideration comprehensively,The improving effect of turning over sand from ploughed layers on reclaimed abandoned salinated field in ploughed layers with volume ratio of 1：6-1：3 of sand-to-soil was best.[Conclusion]In this study,the optimum improvement plan of reclaimed abandoned salinated field was ascertained.