淮北平原1966～2007年蒸发量变化趋势及其影响因素分析

Analysis on Evaporation Change in Huaibei Plain during 1966-2007 and Its Influencing Factors

选择安徽淮北平原五道沟实验站1966～2007年的逐年器皿蒸发、不同深度的潜水蒸发资料以及对应的气温、相对湿度、水汽饱和差、风速、日照时数等气象数据计算淮北平原40年来蒸发过程的变化趋势及其与气象因子的关系,分析其相互作用关系。结果表明,近40年来淮北平原温度呈上升趋势,年均温度的增幅逐渐减小有利于蒸发能力增加,而太阳辐射、风速等减少和相对湿度增加蒸发阻力,且后者作用大于前者。在此基础上建立以气象变化因子的蒸发能力预测模型,能很好地反映气候变化过程对水面蒸发、潜水蒸发的影响,有利于评估未来水量平衡关系分析和预测。

Annual pan evaporation,phreatic evaporation in various depth and their corresponding climate data at Wudaogou Site in Anhui Province,such as temperature,relative humidity,wind velocity,sunlight hours are collected to analyze the tendency of evaporation potential and mutual relationship among them in past 40 years.The results suggest that the temperature is increasing,which is favor of enhancing evaporation;while the decrease of sun radiation and average wind velocity as well as the increase tendency of relative humidity resist the evaporation.Totally,the latter ones have higher ability affecting the tendency of evaporation.Based on the analysis,several models for evaluating the tendency of Pan and Phreatic Evaporation are set up with meteorologic factors.This work will help to understand the prediction of water balance analysis in various environmental conditions.