长江流域稻区二化螟抗药性监测

Insecticide Resistance Monitoring of Chilo suppressalis in the Drainage Area of the Yangtze River,China

2008-2009年期间,采用毛细管点滴法测定了浙、苏、皖、湘、鄂、川、豫等7省17个种群二化螟4龄幼虫对常用杀虫剂的抗性,结果表明:长江流域稻区二化螟对杀虫剂的抗性分布存在明显的区域性。高抗区浙江南部的苍南、瑞安、江山二化螟种群对20世纪70-90年代广泛使用的沙蚕毒素类的杀虫单(抗性倍数43.2～177.0倍)和有机磷类的三唑磷(238.7～728.1倍)、毒死蜱(31.7～57.8倍)均产生了高-极高水平抗性,且对近年来开始广泛使用的氟虫腈(11.2～24.7倍)和阿维菌素(5.9～7.1倍)也产生了中等或低水平抗性;中抗区的安徽庐江、湖南攸县、江苏高淳种群对三唑磷产生极高水平抗性(203.2～379.0倍),对杀虫单(18.3～48.8倍)和毒死蜱(29.8倍)产生了中等-高水平抗性,对氟虫腈(4.4倍)和阿维菌素(4.1～4.7倍)为敏感性降低;低抗区除江苏仪征种群对毒死蜱(45.2倍)、安徽和县种群对三唑磷(50.0倍)开始产生高水平抗性外,对其他杀虫剂为敏感-中等水平抗性,对氟虫腈和阿维菌素为敏感;敏感区的河南信阳、江苏连云港、四川武胜种群除对个别杀虫剂(如杀虫单)为低水平抗性外,对其他大多数杀虫剂为敏感-敏感性降低。还讨论了按抗性分布的区域性来制定相应的抗性治理方案。

Seventeen populations of Chilo suppressalis Walker were collected from the drainage area of the Yangtze River,including Zhejiang,Jiangsu,Anhui,Hubei,Hunan,Sichuan,and Henan Provinces,China and the resistance of the populations to monosultap,triazophos,chlorpyrifos,fipronil,and abamectin was monitored using topical application in 2008 and 2009. The resistance levels of the 17 populations to the five insecticides varied with the collection regions. The populations from Cangnan,Rui＇an,Jiangshan in southern Zhejiang Province （high-level resistance region） developed extremely high to high level resistance to monosultap （resistance ratio was 43.2-to 177.0-fold）,triazophos （238.7-to 728.1-fold）,and chlorpyrifos （31.7-to 57.8-fold）. At the same time,they had moderate or low level resistance to fipronil （11.2-to 24.7-fold） and abamectin （5.9-to 7.1-fold） which were widely used in recent years. The populations from Lujiang （Anhui Province）,Youxian （Hunan Province） and Gaochun （Jiangsu Province） （moderate-level resistance region） had extremely high level resistance to triazophos （203.2-to 379.0-fold）,high to moderate level resistance to monosultap （18.3-to 48.8-fold） and chlorpyrifos （29.8-fold）,and low susceptibility to fipronil （4.4-fold） and abamectin （4.1-to 4.7-fold）. The populations from Yizheng （Jiangsu Province）,Hexian （Anhui Province）（low resistance region） showed high level resistance to chlorpyrifos （45.2-fold） and triazophos （50.0-fold）,but moderate level resistance to susceptibility to the other insecticides. The populations from Xinyang （Henan Province）,Lianyungang （Jiangsu Province） and Wusheng （Sichuan Province） （susceptibility region） displayed low susceptibility or susceptibility to most of the tested insecticides except monosultap. It is suggested that insecticide resistance management should be based on the local situation of insecticide resistance of C. suppressalis.