微观基础的李嘉图模型及其比较利益分配——兼论中美贸易摩擦

Ricardian Model of Microeconomic Foundation and Distribution of Comparative Advantages with Sino-US Trade Frictions

本文将消费者偏好和国家规模引入李嘉图模型,通过一般均衡的方法分析了均衡的产量和价格,并探讨了国际贸易发生的条件及各种因素变化对参加贸易的各国国民福利的影响。在微观模型的基础上,通过一个博弈、谈判模型具体分析了国际比较利益的分割及其各国贸易模式的选择,较好的解释了国际贸易得益的分配问题。政策涵义是中美贸易争端不能采取报复性的关税或人为设置贸易壁垒来解决,而应当通过协商与对话来获得互利双赢。

This paper sets up a 2×2×1 Ricardian model on microeconomic foundation by introducing consumers' preference and the nations' size into Ricardian model.Using general equilibrium method to analyze equilibrium outputs and prices,this paper is to discuss the condition of international trade and the influence on the nations' welfare due to related variety of factors.Based on microeconomics,we also explore the way to distribute international comparative advantages and to choose nations' trade policy regimes by a game and negotiation model,which solves benefit distribution in the international trade in a better way.The policy implication is that negotiation is better than tariff or other trade barriers to solve Sino-US trade frictions.