摘要语言学家威尔金斯（Wilkins）精辟地指出：＂ Without grammar very little can be con- veyed; without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed.＂’词汇教学在英语学习中的地位勿庸置疑，但是在教学中，词汇处理往往过于简单化。
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8Black, M. More About Metaphors. In A. Ortony (ed.) Metaphor and Thought. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1979.
9Cienki, A. Metaphors and Models as Profiles and Bases. In Gibbs,W.R. & Steen, G. J. (eds),1999.
10Connine, C. M. & Blasko, D. G. Effects of Familiarity and Aptness in the Processing of Metaphor. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory and Cognition, 1993,19,295 - 308.
