中学教师嗓音疲劳测试分析

Voice fatigue test analysis in secondary school teachers

目的 探讨乌鲁木齐市中学教师嗓音疲劳与咽喉患病的状况.方法 对乌鲁木齐市教研中心提供的109所中学的11 689名教师进行二阶段随机抽样,抽取3217名教师进行嗓音疲劳测试、咽喉部常规检查,对常规检查异常者进行频闪喉镜检查.结果 3217名中学教师嗓音疲劳测试中不同时段失败率差异有统计学意义（采用两因素设计的一元定量资料方差分析,下同,F=202.653,P＜0.01）.咽喉正常组2 309例及患病组908例中不同性别、不同时段间嗓音疲劳测试失败率差异有统计学意义（P值均＜0.01）,女教师比男教师嗓音疲劳测试的失败率高,男女教师嗓音疲劳测试音量要求高时失败率高.不同咽喉疾病组之间嗓音疲劳测试失败率差异有统计学意义（F=9.516,P＜0.01）.嗓音疲劳测试中不同性别、不同时段之间平均声压级（mean value sound pressure level）、平均基频（mean value fundamental frequency）差异有统计学意义（P值均＜0.01）,男教师的平均声压级大于女教师,女教师的平均基频大于男教师.不同民族教师嗓音疲劳测试不同时段的失败率差异有统计学意义（P值均＜0.05）,维吾尔族教师失败率最高,汉族最低,两两比较证实汉族和维吾尔族教师各时间段差异均有统计学意义（P值均＜0.05）,其他族别教师间比较差异无统计学意义（P值均＞0.05）.结论 嗓音疲劳在中学教师的工作中普遍存在,音量要求高时更容易发生嗓音疲劳,女教师更易发生嗓音疲劳,维吾尔族教师更易发生嗓音疲劳.

Objective To investigate the status of voice fatigue and throat disease in the secondary school teachers in Urumqi. Methods This study included 11 689 teachers from 109 secondary schools offered by Teaching and Researching Center of Urumqi as the second-stage random sampling. Among them,3217 teachers were selected to carry out voice fatigue test and routine examination of throat. For those with abnormal routine inspection results, the stroboscopic laryngoscopy were added. Results The failure ratedifference of 3217 secondary school teachers voice fatigue tests during different periods had statisticalsignificance （ F = 202. 653, P 〈 0. 05 ）. The failure rate difference of voice fatigue test among different throat diseases groups had statistical significance （F = 9. 516, P 〈 0. 05 ）. There was statistical siguificance in failure rates of the voice fatigue tests between 908 cases of disease group and 2309 cases of normal group among different genders and periods （P 〈 0. 05 ）. Female teachers had higher failure rates than male teachers in voice fatigue tests. High failure rates appeared when high volume required for male and female teachers in voice fatigue tests. There was statistical siguificance in mean value sound pressure level （MVSPL） and mean value fundamental frequency （MVF0） of the voice fatigue tests between different gender and periods （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. Male teachers had higher MVSPL than female teachers, female teachers had higher MVFO than male teachers. There was statistical significance in failure rates of the voice fatigue tests among teachers from different tribes in different periods （ P 〈0. 05）. The Uighur had the highest failure rate, while Han had the lowest. Make further pairwise comparisons, failure rates difference of the Han and the Uighur in the voice fatigue tests during different periods had statistical significance. Comparison among other tribes had no statistical significance （P 〉 0. 05）. Conclusions Voice fatigue is common in secondary school teachers. Female teachers tend to get voice fatigue more easily, when required high volume, the voice fatigue is more serious.Uighurs teachers have highest degree of voice fatigue.