腹部肿瘤术中电子线放疗安全性和急性副反应观察

Safty and acute toxicities of intraoperative electron radiotherapy for patients with abdominal tumors

目的 观察腹部肿瘤术中电子线放疗的安全性和急性副反应.方法 2008-2009年间行术中放疗的腹部肿瘤患者52例,其中乳腺癌14例,胰腺癌19例,宫颈癌3例,卵巢癌4例,肉瘤6例,其他肿瘤6种各1例.初治者37例,复发者15例.29例行根治手术,4例行姑息切除,19例行探查术.术中放疗采用Mobetron移动式术中电子线加速器,照射剂量9～18 Gy.观察术中及术后6个月内副反应,参照CTC3.0进行分级评估.结果 全组中位手术时间190 min,术后中位住院时间12 d,术后死亡2例.术后感染3例经处理后好转.中位拆线时间为术后13 d,53%创口达1级甲愈合.全组中位随访183 d,〉3级副反应发生率为20%,其中最常见为血液系统,其次为腹痛.与术中放疗相关副反应发生率为1级28%,2级4%.结论 腹部肿瘤患者术中放疗略延长了拆线时间,但可承受;术中放疗安全性好,值得进一步推广.

Objective To investigate the safety and acute toxicities of intraoperative electron radiotherapy for patients with abdominal tumors.Methods From May 2008 to August 2009, 52 patients with abdominal tumors were treated with intraoperative electron radiotherapy,including 14 patients with breast cancer,19 with pancreatic cancer,3 with cervical cancer, 4 with ovarian cancer, 6 with sarcoma, and 6 with other tumors.Fifteen patients were with recurrent tumors.The intraoperative radiotherapy was performed using Mobetron mobile electron accelerator, with total dose of 9 - 18 Gy.In all, 29, 4 and 19 patients received complete resection, palliative resection and surgical exploration, respectively.The complications during the operations and within 6 months after operations were graded according to Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events v3.0 （CTC 3.0）.Results The median duration of surgery was 190 minutes.Intraoperative complications were observed in 5 patients, including 3 with hemorrhage, 1 with hypotension,and 1 with hypoxemia, all of which were treated conservatively.The median hospitalization time and time to take out stitches was 12 and 13 days, respectively.And the in-hospital mortality was 4% （2/52）.Twentyfour patients suffered post-operative adverse events, including 3 postoperative infections.With a median follow-up time of 183 days, 20% of patients sufferred from grade 3 to 5 adverse events, with hematological toxicities being the most common complication, followed by bellyache.Grade 1 and 2 toxicities which were definitely associated with intraoperative radiotherapy was 28% and 4%, respectively.None of grade 3 to 5 complications were proved to be caused by intraoperative radiotherapy.Conclusions Intraoperative electron radiotherapy is well tolerable and could be widely used for patients with abdominal tumors, with a little longer time to take out stitches but without more morbidities and toxicities compared surgery alone.