条形柄锈菌(小麦条锈病菌)侵染结构体外形成的观察

The observation on infection structure differentiation of wheat stripe rust fungus in vitro

通过荧光显微镜和扫描电镜分别对条形柄锈菌夏孢子在寄主植物-小麦叶表和非寄主植物-水稻叶表以及小麦穗部和茎秆上的萌发过程进行了观察。结果发现,夏孢子在小麦叶片体表萌发产生芽管后,可依次分化形成气孔下囊、初生菌丝与吸器母细胞;在小麦颖片、稃片及茎秆部位表面,同样可观察到病菌在体外分化形成吸器母细胞;并且在水稻叶片上也观察到病菌侵染结构存在体外分化现象。经荧光染色发现,条形柄锈菌在体外与在小麦组织中形成的侵染结构没有明显的差别。观察结果可为条形柄锈菌侵染结构的离体诱导与调控机理研究提供依据。

The uredinial germination process of wheat stripe rust fungus Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici on leaf surface of the host plant, wheat, and non-host plant, rice, and on the surface of wheat spike and stem was observed by fluorescence microscope and scanning electron microscope. The observation shows that after urediospores germinated and formed germ tube, a series of infection structures such as substomatal vesicle, infection hypha and haustorial mother cells were formed on the wheat leaf surface. The differentiation of haustorial mother cells could be found on the surface of glume, lemma, palea and stem of wheat. On rice leaf surface, the infection structure differentiation of the rust fungus could also occur. The observation by fluorescence staining revealed that no obvious difference was found of the differentiation of infection structures of the wheat stripe rust fungus between in vitro and in plant tissue.