基于局部直方图规定化的相干体增强(英文)

Coherence cube enhancement based on local histogram specification

相干体是一种能够有效反映断层和裂缝等地质上非连续性的地震资料解释工具。然而由于受到附近地层,尤其是具有较强反射系数的地层的影响,微小断层和裂缝在相干体的时间切片和纵剖面上仍然难以辨别。本文提出了一种基于局部直方图规定化的相干体增强方法,实现相干体中的微小断层和裂缝的增强。与传统直方图规定化方法不同,本文方法处理三维相干体时不需要对数据进行离散化以统计其分布情况。在将相干体划分为若干子块后,以相干体整体的分布函数作为每个子块内的目标分布函数进行直方图规定化。另外,相邻子块的部分区域需要重叠,以克服分块产生的边界效应。对实际数据的处理结果表明,该方法可以提供更多的微小断层和裂缝的细节信息。

Coherence analysis is a powerful tool in seismic interpretation for imaging geological discontinuities such as faults and fractures. However, subtle faults or fractures of one stratum are difficult to be distinguished on coherence sections （time slices or profiles） due to interferences from adjacent strata, especially these with strong reflectivity. In this paper, we propose a coherence enhancement method which applies local histogram specification （LHS） techniques to enhance subtle faults or fractures in the coherence cubes. Unlike the traditional histogram specification （HS） algorithm, our method processes 3D coherence data without discretization. This method partitions a coherence cube into many sub-blocks and self-adaptively specifies the target distribution in each block based on the whole distribution of the coherence cube. Furthermore, the neighboring blocks are partially overlapped to reduce the edge effect. Applications to real datasets show that the new method enhances the details of subtle faults and fractures noticeably.