地铁车站内爆炸波的传播规律与超压荷载

PROPAGATION LAW AND OVERPRESSURE LOAD OF BLAST WAVE INSIDE SUBWAY STATION

地铁车站内人群密集、环境封闭,一旦发生意外或恐怖爆炸事件,爆炸波对车站结构的冲击作用更为强烈,甚至会引发结构破坏,造成大量的人员伤亡。数值模拟了地铁车站内爆炸波的传播过程,研究了爆炸波的传播和衰减规律,得到了爆炸发生时避免人受伤和死亡的安全距离,同时分析了结构高度和出口距爆源距离对爆炸波传播的影响。研究表明:地铁车站内爆炸波的传播时间更长、衰减更慢,对结构的破坏作用更大;结构高度不同不仅影响爆炸波的衰减,而且会引起波形的差异;出口的泄爆作用与出口距爆源的距离有关,出口距爆源越近,其泄爆作用越明显。

Subway stations are of great crowd density and enclosure surrounding. Once accidental or terrorist explosion occurs inside them, the impact of blast wave on subway structure would be more severe, even cause serious damage of structures and a huge number of casualties. The propagation process of blast wave inside a subway station is numerical simulated, the propagation and attenuation law of blast wave are investigated, safe distances to avoid human casualties are determined, and effects of height of structure and distances of exit from explosive on propagation of blast wave are analyzed. The results show that the blast wave in the subway station is of a longer propagating duration, a slower attenuation, and larger damaging effects on the structure. Different heights of structures not only affect the attenuation of blast wave, but also cause the difference of waveforms. The venting effect of the exit is related to the distance of the exit from the explosive, and the closer the exit from the explosive is, the more remarkable the venting effect is.