认知语义学与新一代双语/双解学习词典的多维释义

Cognitive semantics and multidimensional definition for a new generation of bilingual/bilingualized learner's dictionaries

目前的主流英语学习词典都来自英国,其设计和编纂主要以西方人的认知思维为参照,按传统的语言学理论将语言系统分块解释,以语法为中心孤立地组织词汇信息,难以满足中国用户二语习得的需要。本文用认知语义学的理论方法,在分析五大学习词典缺陷的基础上,从词典释义的国别针对性以及语言认知的百科性、多维性和整体性等角度来阐释新一代双语学习词典的多维释义,并通过释义在词典中构建词汇-语义关系网络,以便为二语学习者提供足够的可理解输入,提高其语言习得的效率。

The main-stream English leaner's dictionaries are all imported from England,their design and compilation are mainly based on the cognitive thinking of Western people,and define words by separating their language system into different parts in light of conventional linguistics,and take grammar-centered approach to lexicographical data organization,which can hardly meet Chinese users' needs in their second language acquisition. The present paper,drawing on cognitive semantics and on the basis of the analysis of the main deficiencies in existing 'Big-Five Dictionaries' ,attempts to set forth the multidimensional definition for a new generation of bilingual/bilingualized learner's dictionaries from the aspects of country-specific orientation,as well as encyclopedicity,multidimensionality and holisticity in linguistic cognition,and builds a lexical-semantic network in dictionaries through lexicographical definition. This would provide users with sufficient comprehensible input and improve the efficiency in their language acquisition.