海滨生物地貌研究进展

Review of Coastal Biogeomorphy Progress

海滨环境孕育了各式各样的生物地貌,通过生物与环境之间的物质能量交换,海滨生态系统的生物组分与地貌组分之间双向作用得以实现。特别是在现代海岸发育进程中,生物地貌塑造者对局地地貌产生的微弱作用,可以在宏观尺度上对海滨地貌的形成和发展产生深远影响。本文简要介绍了海滨生物地貌作用的主要机制和类型、海滨环境不同生物地貌作用复杂多变的动态过程,并对研究海滨环境生物地貌作用的方法、探索生物地貌格局的多尺度成因、递归的循环过程规律以及海滨生物过程与非生物干扰及过程的相互联系等领域取得的成果进行了总结。当前,海滨生物过程和动力-沉积-地貌过程之间的双向研究已成为认识和利用生物海岸对全球变化响应和反馈作用的关键,今后还需要对不同生物地貌作用的耦合、海滨生物地貌过程的生物作用模拟以及海滨生物地貌过程的演化等问题进行深入研究。

A variety of living beings live and reproduce in the coastal environments,and give effects on the geomorphy.The interactions between the biological component and the geomorphological component in the coastal ecosystem take place through the matter and energy exchange between the living beings and their surroundings.Especially in the contemporary coastal developing process,the long-term and large-scale effects on the coastal geomorphic formation and development can be given by the biogeomorphic agents al-though they may make temporarily weak actions.In this paper,the main mechanisms and types of the coastal biogeomorphic effects,and the complex dynamic processes related to various biogeomorphic effects on the coastal environments are briefly introduced.The achieved results are summed up,including the methods for studying the biogeomorphic effects on the coastal environments,the multiple causalities for the biogeomorphic forms,the regulations in the recursive process,and the mutual linkage between the bio-logical process and the nonbiological process or disturbance.At present,equal attentions have been paid to both the coastal biological process and the dynamics-sedimentation-geomorphology process,which becomes a key subject to understand and utilize the response and feedback of the biology-related coast to global change.Further studies in the future are suggested for the coupling among various biogeomorphic compo-nents,the simulation of biological roles in the coastal biogeomorphic process,and the coastal biogeomor-phic evolution process.