华东地区家禽低致病性禽流感的病原学检测与带毒情况的分析

Infection of Low Pathogenic Avian Influenza in Poultry in Eastern China

从2008年10月到2009年9月采集不同家禽的泄殖腔拭子共2420个,禽流感阳性样品178个,分离到AIVs毒株83株,总分离率7.36%。所分离到的亚型及各亚型分离率从高到低依次为H6、H3、H4、H9、H11、H1、H8。禽流感的分布季节性非常明显,以冬、春为高,各亚型又有其不同分布特点。水禽被认为是流感病毒的重要宿主,尤其是家鸭。到目前为止,作者已经从家鸭中分离到8种HA亚型,依次为H1、H3、H4、H6、H8、H9、H10、H11,7种NA亚型,包括N1、N2、N3、N4、N5、N6、N8。两者之间有18种组合,与野鸭的带毒情况十分相似。家鸭还很最容易发生混合感染,并以H6亚型为主,很多亚型都可与其混合感染,尤其是H3、H9亚型,这为基因重组产生新的亚型及毒力的变异提供了好的载体。

From October 2008to September 2009,2 420cloaca swab samples were collected from domestic poultry in the LPMs（live-poultry markets）,and 83strains of AIVs were isolated with an isolation rate of 7.36%.These strains of AIV belonged to 7HA subtypes,from high to low, the order of the isolation rate was H6,H3,H4,H9,H11,H1,H8.The isolation rate of AIVs was distributed with significant seasonal variations,higher in winter and spring and lower in summer.The distribution of HA subtypes of AIVs was also uneven in different month.Waterfowl are considered as the important host of influenza A viruses,especially domestic ducks.So far,8HA subtypes（H1,H3,H4,H6,H8,H9,H10and H11）and 7NA subtypes（N1,N2, N3,N4,N5,N6and N8）were isolated from domestic ducks.Strains of HA and NA subtypes assembled 18subtypes.Domestic duck is still the most prone to mixed infections,and H6subtypes played the main role,H3and H9were the other main mixed infection subtypes,providing agood carrier to generate a new subtype and virulence variation.