中年出租车司机颈部肌肉表面的肌电测试

Surface electromyogram of neck muscles of middle-aged taxi drivers

背景:研究表明,高原汽车驾驶员长时间驾驶时,由于长时间疲劳积累可致使腰背肌功能紊乱。目的:分析长时间工作的中年出租车司机部分人群颈部肌肉神经放电特点,探索这类人群颈部肌肉功能状态的最佳评价指标,为职业性颈部肌肉功能紊乱的诊断提供一定的参考依据。方法:以35名中年出租车司机作为实验组受试对象,对照组15名为性别、年龄与实验组相匹配的无颈椎部痛病史的健康志愿者,使用ME6000表面肌电仪记录受试者在坐位姿势下颈部C3、C7两侧肌肉共4块肌肉的放电情况,观察均方根振幅(RMS)和中位频率(MF)的变化。结果与结论:120min的坐位模拟驾驶动作能够诱发实验组和对照组颈部肌肉疲劳现象产生,但是实验组C3、C7两侧肌肉均方根振的斜率要显著高于对照组(P<0.05),C3、C7两侧肌肉均方根振幅拟合曲线的截距要显著高于对照组,而中位频率的斜率要显著高于对照组(P<0.05),C3、C7两侧肌肉中位频率拟合曲线的截距要显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。结果提示,中年出租车司机长时间坐位工作会诱发颈部肌肉疲劳,并且会使颈部肌肉产生疲劳积累以及两侧肌肉放电不对称现象,在判断中年出租车司机长时间工作时肌肉疲劳指标中,可以使用中位频率和均方根振指标进行评价。

BACKGROUND：Studies demonstrated that fatigue accumulation during long time driving can lead to lumbodorsal muscles functional disorder for drivers.OBJECTIVE：To explore the optimized evaluation parameter for muscle functions in the neck for people dealing with driving taxi work for long time by discussing the nerve discharge features of their muscles in the neck,and to provide some references for diagnosing and preventing occupational muscle disorders in the neck.METHODS：A total of 35 middle-aged taxi drivers participated in the test.The control group comprised healthy volunteers with matched gender and age but without a medical history of pain in the neck and low back.The ME6000 surface electromyography equipment was used to record the discharge status of the eight muscles of the participants sitting with computer operation,namely,muscles on the two sides of C3 and C7 in the neck.The test aims to observe the changes of the root mean square amplitude（RMS） and mean frequency（MF）.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：A 120-minute sitting stance operating the driving can trigger the fatigue of muscles in the neck for participants in the test groups and control groups.However,the slope of RMS for muscles on the two sides of C3 and C7 muscles in the test group was much higher than that in the control group（P 0.05）.The intercept for RMS curve fitting of muscles on the two sides of C3 and C7 was much greater than that in the control group,while the slope of MF was significantly higher than that in the control group（P 0.05）.In addition,the intercept for MF curve fitting of muscles on the two sides of C3 and C7 muscles was much lower than that in the control group（P 0.05）.The results suggested that it will trigger fatigue of muscles in the neck if you driving a taxi with a sitting stance for a long time.In addition,long-time work involving driving a car is expected to lead to accumulated fatigue of muscles in the neck,as well as asymmetry in discharge for muscles in both sides.In the judgment for muscle fatigue of long-time driving a car with a sitting stance,the reliability of the frequency domain parameter MF and RMS.