美国整体性学校改革的兴衰:政策分析

The vicissitudes of Comprehensive School Reform:Policy Analysis

整体性学校改革是在美国低质量学校中具有较大影响的教育质量提高改革运动,经过数年发展后成为《不让一个孩子掉队法》的组成部分,但改革又由于美国联邦态度的转变而走向衰落。美国以高强度的绩效问责制为政策背景,在低质量学校中推行整体性学校改革,脱离了政策的实际,因而影响学校基层教师对改革的理解与实施,在提高学生成绩与教育质量方面难以取得改革预设的成效是整体性学校改革衰落的主要因素。

As part of the No Child Left Behind Act,comprehensive school reform programs had received enormous resources for the implementation of Comprehensive School Reform （CSR） models. Today, however,federal funding for CSR has dried up and this policy has been left behind with few explicit efforts to assess the effect of these CSR efforts on schools. Implications for education policy making,evaluation,and implementation can be implored by discovering a series of factors which led to conflicts between the two educational policies.