“和乐德音,群声之总”——从六篇《笙赋》论古代笙的音乐文化属性

"Harmonious Sound,the Leader of Instruments"On Archaic Sheng’s Music Culture Property According to Six piece of The Ode of Sheng

《笙赋》作为音乐赋中的"乐器赋",既是文学作品,也是重要的音乐文献史料。在所收集到的六篇《笙赋》中有相关笙的音乐文化属性的记载,说明了古人对于笙这一传统乐器的审美态度。这种音乐文化现象即对这一乐器的审美态度与它的物化形态即乐器之间的关系是:笙特殊的物理发音原理使其具有应律性的乐器属性,而这种应律性的乐器属性又决定了它在吹管类乐器,乃至众乐器中的地位,因而体现了笙在我国古代音乐礼教文化活动中具有一定的音乐社会功能,即六篇《笙赋》所记——"和乐德音,群声之总"。

The Ode of Sheng,praising the Chinese traditional instrument Sheng,is not only a literary work but also very valuable historical document.In the six piece of The Ode of Sheng we collected,the recordation of the Sheng’s music cultural property illuminates the ancients＇ esthetic attitude to the instrument.The relationship between the esthetic attitude to the instrument and the instrument itself is：that Sheng’s physical sounding principle contributes to its special instrumental property which determines its special role among the wind instruments,even among all the other instruments.Thus ＂Harmonious Sound,the Leader of Instruments＂ narrated in The Ode of Sheng reflects the music-social function of the Sheng in our ancient activities of musical culture of Confucian code.