环境保护与旅游经济协调发展研究——基于中国四大世界自然与文化遗产旅游目的地的面板数据分析

Study on the Coordinative Development between Environmental Preservation and Tourism Economy——Based on the Analysis of Panel Data of Four World Natural and Cultural Heritage Tourism Destinations in China

本文针对旅游产业快速发展所带来的环境污染问题,构建了环境保护与旅游经济发展之间的理论模型,利用优化控制理论推导出环境保护与旅游经济协调发展的可能性,通过相应政策调节,环境质量与旅游业发展之间可以达到总体或局部最优水平,政府收取的排污费对旅游生态环境的影响具有不确定性,对旅游业资本积累产生了负面影响。通过对中国四大世界自然与文化遗产旅游区进行实证检验显示:旅游环境质量与旅游业发展同时存在正、负相关关系,低排污费率反而对环境质量产生了负面影响,高排污费率虽然有利于保护生态环境,却影响了旅游产业的发展,旅游产业投资与利率呈负相关,但治理污染的公共支出却缺乏利率弹性,这些研究结论为环境保护与旅游产业协调发展提供了理论与实证依据。

Aiming at the problem of environmental pollution brought about by rapid development of tourism industry,the paper establishes the theoretical model between environmental preservation and the development of tourism economy.By making use of optimizing control theory,we can deduce the following conclusions：It is possible to attain the excellent level totally or partially between environmental quality and the development of tourism industry by way of corresponding policy adjustment.There is uncertainty about the effect of pollution emission fee collected by the government on tourism ecological environment.It brings negative effect on capital accumulation of tourism industry.Based on the panel data of four natural and cultural heritage tourism destinations,the empirical testing reveals that both positive and negative relations exist simultaneously between tourism environmental quality and development of tourism industry;low rate of pollution emission fee brings negative impact on environmental quality instead,although high rate of pollution emission fee is conducive to the protection of ecological environment,it affects the development of tourism industry.The investment on tourism industry is negatively related to interest rate,but public expenditure on handling the problem of pollution lacks interest rate flexibility.These conclusions provide theoretical and empirical basis for the coordinative development between environmental preservation and tourism industry.