注意缺陷多动障碍与抽动障碍共病患儿的注意特征研究

Attention characteristics of children with comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and tic disorder

目的 探讨注意缺陷多动障碍（attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD）与抽动障碍（tic disorder,TD）共病（comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and tic disorder,CAT）患儿的注意特征.方法 采用视听整合持续操作评估系统（integrated visual and auditory continuous performance test,IVA-CPT）对CAT组60例,ADHD组79例,TD组60例,正常对照组71名儿童分别进行评估.结果 CAT组的视觉反应控制商数（VRCQ）得分[（85.15±21.10）分]略高于ADHD组[（78.52±21.85）分,（P＜0.05）],其他5项结果两组比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）.CAT组儿童综合控制商数（FRCQ）、听觉反应控制商数（ARCQ）、VRCQ、综合注意力商数（FAQ）、听觉注意力商数（AAQ）和视觉注意力商数（VAQ）所有6项得分[分别为（83.43±20.98）分,（86.12±19.88）分,（85.15±21.10）分,（64.88±16.88）分,（67.92±17.11）分,（67.97±20.04）分],均显著低于TD组[分别为（96.47±17.83）分,（97.50±17.62）分,（95.72±18.87）分,（85.37±18.54）分,（86.47±17.32）分,（87.43±19.89）分]及正常对照组[分别为（98.42±12.67）分,（101.50±15.39）分,（95.92±11.79）分,（99.33±12.98）分,（98.50±12.09）分,（100.00±16.12）分]（P＜0.01）.结论 CAT儿童存在严重的控制能力降低及注意缺陷,其注意损害主要缘于ADHD的存在.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of attention in children with comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD） and tic disorder （TD） （CAT）. Methods 60 children with comorbid ADHD and TD （CAT）, 79 children with ADHD, 60 children with TD and 71 normal control children （NG） were collected. All of those cases were evaluated with the integrated visual and auditory continuous performance test （IVA-CPT）. Results It was slightly higher for visual response control quotient （VRCQ） in CAT group（85.15 ±21.10） than those in ADHD group（78.52 ± 21.85） （P 〈 0.05）, there was no significant different in the other five scores between CAT group and ADHD group （P〉0.05）. It was significantly lower for the full response control quotient （FRCQ）, auditory response control quotient （ARCQ） ,visual response control quotient （VRCQ）, full attention quotient （FAQ）, auditory attention quotient （AAQ） and visual attention Quotient （VAQ） in CAT group （83.43 ± 20.98,86.12 ± 19.88,85.15 ± 21. 10,64.88 ± 16.88,67.92 ± 17. 11 ,67.97 ± 20.04） than those in TD group（96.47 ± 17.83,97.50 ± 17.62,95.72 ± 18.87,85.37 ± 18.54,86.47 ± 17.32,87.43 ± 19.89） and those in normal control group（98.42 ± 12.67,101.50 ± 15.39,95.92 ± 11.79,99.33 ± 12.98,98.50 ± 12.09,100.00 ± 16.12） （P〈0.01）. Conclusion There have serious reduced control ability and attention deficit in children with CAT. The attention deficit is attributed to the existence of ADHD.