太阳绝对辐照度测量系统中的太阳跟踪系统设计与性能测试

Design and Test of Sun-Tracking System in the Observation System of Solar Irradiance

为实现高精度的太阳绝对辐照度观测,设计了视日运动轨迹跟踪和四象限探测器精密跟踪相结合的太阳自动跟踪系统。分析了四象限探测器的工作原理,对其均匀性进行了测试,确定了其偏离系数。对跟踪系统进行了硬件设计、控制软件设计和结构设计。实现了以C8051F064单片机为核心的数据采集、信号处理和反馈控制系统。在实验室内对系统的跟踪精度进行了测试,结果表明跟踪偏差在0.1°之内。经实际运行证明,该系统方案可行,具有稳定性强、精度高的优点。

In order to realize the highly accurate observation of solar irradiance, an automatic sun-tracking system was designed by using solar motion trajectory tracking and four quadrant detector tracking. The working principle of four quadrant detector was analyzed and the uniformity were tested. The deviation of the quadrant detector was measured. The hardware, software and structure design of the system were accomplished. The system using for data acquisition, signal processing and feedback control as C8051F064 was realized. The tracking precision of the system was tested in the laboratory and the results showed that the tracking deviation was less than 0.1°. The system ran successfully in practice. The scheme of system was proved to be stable and highly precise.