师范本科生的生活满意度、幸福感及保护性因素

Normal University Undergraduates' Life Satisfaction,Subjective Well-being and Its Protective Factors

目的探索师范大学本科生的生活满意度、幸福感与应对方式的关系及其保护性因素。方法向382名师范本科生发放生活满意度量表、情感平衡量表、特质应对方式问卷和自编幸福感保护性因素问卷。结果①60.7%的被试的生活满意度在中等水平以下;②师范本科的男生和女生在幸福感上存在显著性差异(t=-2.99,P<0.01);③以生活满意度为因变量做多元方差分析结果发现,家庭人均月收入主效应显著(F(3,374)=6.10,P<0.01)。是否独生子女主效应不显著(F(1,374)=1.34,P=0.26)。二者交互作用不明显;④人际交往状况、资源的可利用程度、自信程度和家庭和睦程度能够解释幸福感变异的60.2%;⑤积极应对在消极情感和生活满意度之间发挥部分中介作用,回归系数β由0.24降到0.14。结论师范大学本科生总体生活满意度情况偏低。更高水平的的积极应对方式、资源的可利用程度、人际状况、自信程度与家庭和谐度是他们生活满意度和幸福感的保护性因素。

Objective To explore the relations between life satisfaction,subjective well-being with coping style and its protective factors of undergraduates in normal university.Methods Offer Life Satisfaction Scale,Emotional Balance Scale,Trait Coping Style Questionnaire（TCSQ） and Self-compiled questionnaire on protective factors of subjective well-being to 382 undergraduates in normal university.Results ①Totally 60.7% of the subjects＇ life satisfaction was under the middle level;②there was significant difference between the well-being of girls and boys in normal university（t=-2.99,P0.01）;③life satisfaction was made as dependent variable,and the multiple analysis of variance results showed that the main effect of family income was significant（F（3,374）= 6.10,P0.01）.Whether being a only child don ＇t had significant main effect（F（1,374）= 1.34,P=0.26）.Interaction between them was not obvious;④interpersonal situation,the availability of resources,the degree of self-confidence and family harmony can explain 60.7% variance of subjective well-being;⑤the effect of negative emotions on life satisfaction was partly mediated by positive coping style,the regression coefficient β decreases from 0.24 to 0.14.Conclusion Overall life satisfaction of undergraduates in normal university is low.Higher degree of postive coping style,availability of resources,interpersonal situation,self-confidence and family harmony are protective factors of their life satisfaction and happiness.