黑水县居民医疗需要和卫生服务利用研究

StudyonMedicalServiceNeedandHealthCareUtilizationinHeishuiCounty

目的：了解黑水县居民医疗卫生需要量、门诊和住院服务利用的基本情况和特点。方法：通过分层整群抽样访谈调查黑水县１５岁及以上的居民１４８３人。结果：慢性病患病率是全国农村平均水平的２．１倍，两周患病率是全国农村平均水平的１．９８倍，不同人群医疗需要量有所不同。影响黑水县居民健康最重要的疾病是消化系统疾病、呼吸系统疾病、传染病和寄生虫疾病。两周就诊率只有全国农村的１／２，未就诊率是全国农村的２倍，多数系统疾病近２／３未就诊。年住院率高于全国农村水平并以消化系病、传染病和寄生虫病、呼吸系疾病为前三位。结论：黑水县与全国农村相比呈医疗高需要、门诊服务低利用、住院服务高利用的特点，并且生物医学模式的疾病谱在该地区仍占主导地位。

Method:throughthestratumsampling,interviewwith1483peasantsover15yearsinHeishuicounty.Results:1.ThemorbidityofchronicdiseaseinHeishuiCountyis2.1timesofnationalcountrysideaveragelevel,andthemorbidityoftwoweekis1.98timesoftheaveragelevel.2.Therearedifferenceindifferentpopulation,themajordiseasewhichaffecthealtharedigestivesystem,respiratorysystem,infectiousdiseaseandparasitedisease.3.TwoweekvisitingrateinHeishuiCountyisonlyhalfofnationalruralaveragelevel,thenonevisitingrateis2timesoftheaverage,andtherearetwothirdsofthemnotvisitingdoctors.4.Theyearlyinpatientrateishigherthannationalaveragelevelandthefirstthreediseasesareindigestivesystem,infectiousandparasitediseaseandinrespiratorysystem.Conclusion:comparingtoallcountrysidearea,therearecharacteristicsofhighmedicalservicedemand,Lowoutpatientserviceutilization,highinpatientserviceutilization,andthediseasepatternofbiomedicalmodelisstilldominantinHeishuiCounty. Authorsaddress WestChinaUniversityofMedicalSciences,Chengdu,SichuanProvince(610044),P.R.China