微柱凝胶技术检测红细胞免疫性抗体的临床应用

Clinical application of microcolumn gel technology on exzaminating erythrocyte antibodies

目的探讨微柱凝胶技术检测红细胞免疫性IgG抗体的临床应用价值。方法应用微柱凝胶技术进行直接抗人球蛋白试验、血清游离IgG抗体测定及红细胞抗体放散试验(简称三项试验),将检测结果进行统计分析。结果 ABO-HDN检出率80.53%(182/226),其中,O-A组阳性率82.76%(96/116),O-B组71.18%(86/110),两组比较,χ2=0.75,P=0.3851>0.05,显示ABO-HDN的发生率与新生儿A或B型的型别差异无统计学意义;三项试验的检出敏感性,两组均以DTA最低(20/116或12/110),放散试验最高(96/116或86/110),经统计学分析,χ2均>23.00,P<0.01,差异具有统计学意义。结论 MGT检测红细胞免疫性抗体具有敏感性高,结果易判定等优点。三项试验以红细胞抗体放散试验的检出敏感性最高。

Objective To explore the clinical value of microcolumn gel technology （MGT） in measuring the erythrocyte-associated antibodies. Methods 226 patients with suspected hemolytic disease of newborn （HDN） were divided into two groups, the O-A type and the O-B type. The direct antiglobulin, serum IgG antibody and free RBC antibody were measured by ＂three test＂ coupled with MGT. Results The total positive rate for ABO-HDN were 80.53%（182/226）, of which, the positive rate of the OA group was 82.76%（96/116） while OB group was 71.18%, showing no difference were found between type-OA and type-OB. Moreover, the sensitivity of direct antiglobulin test for positive was the lowest than that of other test while the positive sensitivity of the elution test was the highest. Conclusion The MGT coupled with RBC antibody elution test showed the advantage for detecting the patients with suspected hemolytic disease of newborn.