中国2008～2009年风疹流行病学特征分析

Analysis on Epidemiological Characteristics of Rubella in China During 2008-2009

目的分析中国(未包括香港、澳门特别行政区和台湾地区,下同)2008～2009年风疹流行病学特征,为制定风疹预防控制策略提供参考。方法对法定传染病报告系统及突发公共卫生事件报告信息管理系统报告的风疹发病资料,进行描述流行病学分析。结果全国2008、2009年风疹报告发病率分别为9.11/10万和5.26/10万,报告发病数分别为120354例和69860例,各省(自治区、直辖市)均有病例报告;<20岁发病占全部病例数的82.54%;2008年7～8岁儿童发病率最高(43.96/10万),2009年9～10岁儿童发病率最高(26.69/10万);4～5月为发病高峰;东部地区<15岁儿童风疹发病比例低于中部和西部地区,但15～35岁病例的比例高于中部和西部地区;风疹爆发疫情主要发生在中、小学校。结论 2009年风疹报告发病比2008年明显下降,但发病水平仍较高。应尽快制定切实可行的全国控制风疹策略,预防控制风疹爆发,减少先天性风疹综合征的发生。

Objective In order to know the rubella epidemiological characteristics in China from 2008 to 2009, and to provide basis on rubella control in China. Methods Analyzing rubella epidemiology by descriptive epidemiology. Results The reported rubella incidence rate of China was 9.11/100,000 in 2008 , 5.26/100,000 in 2009 , and the case number decreased from 120,354 in 2008 to 69,860 in 2009. The rubella incidence was reported in whole China. The proportions of rubella cases aged 20 years were 82.54 % , which were the most proportion. In 2008, 7 - 8 age group had got the highest incidence that was about 43.96/100,000, and in 2009, 9 - 10 age group had got the highest incidence that was about 26.69/100,000. Rubella presented obviously seasonal nature, the peak time was April to May. The proportion of children 〈15 years old cases in eastern areas was lower than middle and western areas, but the proportion of cases aged between 15 and 35 years old in eastern areas was higher than middle and western areas. Rubella outbreak mainly happened in middle and primary schools. Conclusions Rubella incidence dropped dramatically in 2009 than in 2008, but it was still much higher. National policy and strategies should be formulated for control and prevent rubella. Rubella outbreaks will be controlled and prevented, and the CRS will be reduced.