从“就”类副词看“副+名”的表达功能

Viewing the Expressive Function of "Adverb+Noun" from the Adverbs of "Jiu" Kind

语言学界探讨多年的现代汉语中的特殊结构形式"副+名",其实在很多情况下是实词虚化的一种特殊状态,是介宾结构的功能替代形式。汉语介词发育的不完善不能满足汉语表达的要求,而时间的一维性又要求汉语介词必须承担起非主要动作、行为、状态等等所要承担的表达任务,这就导致了"副+名"出现并承担介宾结构的工作来完成表达任务的现象,这就是该结构形式产生并发挥介宾短语功能的原因。"副+名"现象的出现并大量产生并不会对汉语词类理论造成冲击。

In Chinese linguistic field the special structure of ＂Adverb＋Noun＂ has been discussed for many years,but in fact in many cases it is a special state of functionalization from notional words,which is the substitution of preposition-object structure in function.The imperfect development of Chinese prepositions cannot meet the requirement of expression in Chinese,and the one-dimension characteristic of time needs Chinese prepositions to take the task of performing expressions which do not normally assume such as main actions,behaviors and states.This leads to the phenomenon that ＂Adverb＋Noun＂ assumes the task of expressions,which is the reason for the appearance of such a structure and functioning as preposition-object phrases.However,the appearance of ＂Adverb＋Noun＂ structure and great reproduction cannot bring about much impact on the class theory of Chinese.