塔式太阳能热发电站镜场的优化设计

Design and Optimization of Heliostat Field Layout for Solar Tower Power Plant

为了提高塔式太阳能电站镜场的集光效率,需要对镜场的布置进行优化设计。基于非成像光学设计理论,提出了利用腔式吸热器的几何特性与定日镜年均效率因子相结合的镜场边界限制方法,提高了定日镜的光学效率。镜场采用规则化布置,易于进行优化,从而提高了镜场优化设计的响应速度。采用蒙特卡罗光线追迹法建立了镜场聚光的数学模型,采用参数搜寻算法优化镜场结构,在Matlab环境下编写了镜场优化设计软件,并利用现有的西班牙PS10镜场对软件进行了验证。使用该软件设计了北京10MW塔式太阳能电站镜场,设计的年均光学效率为64.15%,与PS10镜场相近,达到国际先进水平。

For improving the collection efficiency of heliostat fields for solar tower power plants,the design and optimization of heliostat field layouts are needed. Based on the nonimaging optical design theory,a new method in which the field boundary is constrained by geometrical aperture of receiver and the efficiency factor of heliostat is proposed. The heliostat can be placed with higher efficiency by this method. The heliostat field layout is regular,which is helpful for the optimization of the configuration. Therefore,the response speed of the design and optimization of the field is improved. By using the Monte Carlo ray tracing method,the mathematical model of the concentration of heliostat field is created. The field configuration is optimized with parameter search algorithm. A new code for the design and optimization of the heliostat field layout is developed under the Matlab environment and validated by using the current PS10 field in Spain. A new heliostat field of 10 MW solar tower power plant which is located in Beijing is designed by using the new code. The mean annual optical efficiency of the designed heliostat field is 64.15% and is closed to that of PS10 field,which comes up to an international advanced level.