去甲肾上腺素对肾移植术患者肾功能的影响

Effect of norepinephrine on renal function in patients undergoing kidney transplantation

目的 探讨去甲肾上腺素对肾移植术患者肾功能的影响.方法 同种异体肾移植术患者32例,ASA分级Ⅲ或Ⅳ级,年龄22～64岁,随机分为多巴胺组（D组）和去甲肾上腺素组（N组）,每组16例.麻醉诱导后D组静脉输注多巴胺1～10μg·kg-1·min-1,N组静脉输注去甲肾上腺素0.03～0.3μg·kg-1·min-1,持续至术毕,维持术中MAP波动幅度不超过基础水平的10%.分别于术毕及术后12 h时取中心静脉血样及尿样,测定血清半胱氨酸蛋白酶抑制因子C（Cystatin C）、β2-微球蛋白（β2-MG）及尿α1-微球蛋白（α1-MG）、β2-MG的浓度,并记录术中输液总量、肾血管开放至术毕时的尿量、术后12 h内的尿量及呋塞米的用量.结果 两组术中输液总量、尿量及呋塞米用量和各时点血清Cystatin C、β2-MG及尿α1-MG、β2-MG浓度比较差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;与术毕时比较,术后12 h时两组患者血清Cystatin C、β2-MG及尿α1-MG、β2-MG浓度均降低（P＜0.05）.结论 静脉输注去甲肾上腺素0.03～0.3μg·kg-1·min-1对移植肾功能无不良影响,可用于肾移植术患者.

Objective To investigate the effect of norepinephrine infusion at 0.03-0.3 μg·kg-1 ·min-1 on renal function in patients undergoing kidney transplantation. Methods Thirty-two ASA Ⅲ or Ⅳ patients aged 22-64 yr weighing 44-88 kg undergoing kidney transplantation were studied. Dialysis was performed within 36 h before operation. Blood pressure was fairly stable. Combined spinal-epidural anesthesia （CSEA） was performed. Spinal anesthesia was performed at L2,3 interspace and hyperbaric 0.5% bupivacaine 10-15 mg was injected into the subarachnoid space. The upper level of sensory block measured by pin-prick reached T6. Epidural catheter was placed at T11,12 interspace and 1% ropivacaine was given intermittently. The patients were randomly allocated into preoperative baseline level （increase or decrease amplitude 〈 10% of baseline level） by dopamine or norepinephrine infusion during operation. Venous blood samples and urine samples were obtained at the end of operation and 12 h after operation for determination of serum concentrations of cystatin C and β2-microglobulin and urine α1- and β2-microglobulin concentrations. Urine was collected and the volume was recorded. Meanwhile the consumption of furosemide administration during the 12 h after operation was recorded. Results The two groups were comparable with respect to age, M/F sex ratio, body weight, the volume of urine and fluid infused, and the consumption of furosemide. There was no significant difference in serum cystatin C and β2-microgiobulin and urine α1- and β2-microglobulin concentratious, urine volume and consumption of furosemide administration between the transplantation without adverse effect on kidney allograft function.