论古贤水库在黄河治理中的作用

Discussion on the role of Guxian Reservoir in the improvement of Yellow River

在综合考虑未来黄河水沙变化趋势和黄河水沙调控体系建设的情况下,结合实测资料和数学模型计算成果,系统分析了"拦、排、放、调、挖"等处理泥沙措施在黄河干流不同河段的作用,认为未来应进一步加强"调"的作用,结合"拦、排、放"等措施,延长水库使用寿命,减少下游河道淤积,优化配置黄河泥沙分布。提出了黄河干流不同河段的治理目标:2020年前降低潼关高程1m左右,2020—2050年降低潼关高程2m左右;2030年前维持中水河槽的平滩流量为4000m3/s左右,2030—2050年维持中水河槽的平滩流量为3500m3/s左右。研究了古贤水库在黄河水沙调控工程体系和黄河中下游治理中不可替代的作用,为达到黄河中下游在2050年前的治理目标,阶段性实现黄河长治久安,建议在小浪底水库拦沙库容淤积之前,尽早建成古贤水库,充分发挥古贤与小浪底水库联合调控运用的作用。

Considering the trends of water and sediment and its control system construction, it analyzes the sediment treating measures in different sectors of Yellow River, such as checking, desilting, release, sand transfering and dredging, using the field data and modeling results. Sediment should be transferred to extend the life of reservoir and reduce the sediment deposition in the low reach, to allocate the distribution of sediment optimally, with other measures. It also proposes the improving goal of different sectors of Yellow River, which is reducing the water level at Tongguan by lm before 2020 and 2m before 2050, maintaining bank discharge at 4 000 m3/s before 2030 and 3500 m3/s before 2050, and keeping bank discharge in the river bed at 3 500 m3/s between the year 2030 to 2050. The role of Guxian Reservoir in the water and sediment control system and improvement of Yellow River is irreplaceable. To achieve the improving goal, it suggests finishing the construction of Guxian Reservoir as soon as quickly before the deposition of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir, to achieve long-term stability of the Yellow River.