急危重症眼镜蛇伤大鼠多项凝血指标动态变化

Dynamic changes of multiple Blood Coagulation Functions in a rat model with Intensive Naja atra Cantor Snakebite

目的动态观察蛇伤后大鼠多项凝血指标、病理及皮下出血情况的改变,为蛇毒毒理及抗蛇毒制剂的研究提供实验数据。方法将SD大鼠注入2～4 LD50眼镜蛇毒造模,于注毒后不同时段(20～140 min)分别进行凝血功能、肝脏和肾脏病理等检测,处死大鼠后观察注毒部位皮下出血情况。结果大鼠注入4 LD50蛇毒20 min,凝血酶原时间(PT)、部分凝血酶原时间(APTT)延长;40 min时,纤维蛋白原(Fbg)明显下降;40 min后凝血功能逐渐回复至0 min水平。肾脏、肝脏组织见血管扩张、充血明显。注毒部位皮下出血范围于20～80min时最明显。2 LD50剂量组凝血功能的变化与4 LD50组相似,但其Fbg下降程度小于4 LD50组,皮下出血面积较4 LD50组小。结论眼镜蛇毒引起凝血功能改变,且其变化程度与剂量及注入时间密切相关。

Objective In order to provided the laboratory data of toxicity the snake venom preparation,observation dynamic of a number of coagulation index in rats after snakebite,pathological changes and subcutaneous bleeding.Methods SD rats were injected into 2～4 LD50 cobra venom firstly,the multiple indexs of blood coagulation functions,pathological section of liver and kidney were observed in 20～140 min after venom injection.Observed after rats were killed by lethal injection in subcutaneous bleeding.Results After 4 LD50 venom injection,the prothrombin time（PT）,activated partial thromboplastin time（APTT） were extended in 20 min;fibrinogen（Fbg） were declined significantly in 40 min;coagulation gradually returned to close to 0 min after 40 min.Kidney,liver see vascular dilation,congestion significantly.Lethal injection of subcutaneous bleeding area was the most obvious during 20～80 min.2 LD50dose changes in coagulation were similar with 4 LD50,but the Fbg level decreased less than 4 LD50,subcutaneous bleeding area smaller than 4 LD50 group.Conclusion Cobra venom can cause changes in blood coagulation and the degree of change associated with the dose,the experimental data in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of injury and the Cobra Venom of experimental research in the eyes of some reference value.