滩羊土──草──畜系统中的微量元素及其意义

Micro Elements and Their Meaning in SoilGrassAnimal System of TanSheep

甘肃景泰滩羊典型产区草地土壤中含有Ｂｅ、Ｂａ、Ｐｂ、Ｔｉ、Ｍｎ、Ｇａ、Ｃｒ、Ｎｉ、Ｖ、Ｃｕ、Ｚｒ、Ｃｏ、Ｓｒ、Ｙ、Ｙｂ等１５种微量元素。草地混合牧草中有其中的１３种，其中Ｙｂ显著减少，缺少了Ｂｅ和Ｃｏ。羊毛中微量元素的种类和含量变化很大并且复杂。滩羊成年母羊毛中只含Ｐｂ、Ｔｉ、Ｍｎ、Ｃｕ等４种元素，而二毛期即１月龄羔羊毛中含有Ｂａ、Ｐｂ、Ｔｉ、Ｍｎ、Ｃｒ、Ｎｉ、Ｃｕ、Ｚｒ、Ａｇ、Ｚｎ、Ｓｒ、Ｍｏ和Ｙｂ共１３种微量元素。同一种类的微量元素，羔羊毛中含量显著大于成年母羊毛。此外，羔羊毛中还出现了土壤中没有的Ａｇ、Ｚｎ、Ｍｏ等３种微量元素。与同龄蒙古羔羊相比，滩羊羔羊在二毛期积累多种微量元素的特殊能力，尤其是积累Ｂａ、Ｃｒ、Ｎｉ、Ｚｒ、Ａｇ、Ｚｎ、Ｓｒ、Ｍｏ、Ｙｂ的能力和富集Ｃｕ的能力，是形成其特殊的毛股弯曲形态和数量，并构成美丽花穗的裘皮的一种重要遗传性状和物质基础，并与其极小的水热生态幅结合在一起，共同构成了滩羊具有狭小特定产区的生态—遗传学基础。

Fifteen micro elements, such as Be, Ba, Pb, Ti, Mn, Ga, Cr, Ni, V, Cu, Zr, Co, Sr, Y and Yb were contained in the soil of Jingtai, the typical Tansheep producing area, Gansu Province. In which, 13 of them were found in mixed grasses of related grassland except for Be and Co. The content of Yb in mixed grasses was significantly lower than that in soil. The sort and concentration of micro elements varied remarkably in wool. The wool of adult ewe only contained Pb, Ti, Mn and Cu. However, the wool of one month furlamb contained 13 micro elements. They were Ba, Pb, Ti, Mn, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zr, Ag, Zn, Sr, Mo and Yb. Concentration of micro element in adult ewe was much lower than that of lamb for same micro element. In addition, lambs wool contained Ag, Zn and Mo that were not found in soil. Compared with the Mongolian lamb at same age, one month Tan furlamb had the ability for accumulating many micro elements, especially Ba, Cr, Ni, Zr, Ag, Zn, Sr, Mo, Yb and Cu. This was the essential factor to form the nu