水稻细条病和白叶枯病的化学防治试验

Chemical control of rice bacterial leaf stripe and leaf blight

鉴于水稻细条病和白叶枯病的病原菌属不同致病变种，为减少用药的盲目性，收集国内外５种农药，分别对其进行防治试验。平皿抑菌试验结果，４０％多丰农和９０％乙霜青对水稻细条病和白叶枯病病原菌产生抑菌作用，抑菌环宽度分别为１０ｍｍ和３ｍｍ。３ａ室内盆栽测定结果，多丰农对细条病和白叶枯病平均药效分别为６６．１９％和６６．２９％；乙霜青防治细条病效果为５７．７２％～６３．８５％，高于叶青双防效（４１．１４％～５４．３４％），差异显著；叶青双对白叶枯病的防效为６３．９０％～７４．５４％，高于乙霜青防效（４７．７０％～５７．４８％），差异显著；加瑞农和可杀得对水稻细条病和白叶枯病效果均差。１９９３～１９９４年田间小区试验结果，乙霜青防治细条病的防效比叶青双高出１７．４～３８．４个百分点。小区及示范结果表明，乙霜青是一种防治细条病的有效药剂，始病期（病指在５以下）施药，防效可达８０％以上。

The pathogenetic bacteria of rice bacterial leaf stripe and leaf blight were differentThe experiment was conducted to select the best bactericide by using five chemical medications collected from home and abroadBacteriostatic test in culture dish showed that 40% of Duofennong and 90% of Yishuangqing had bacteriostasis on two pathogenic bacteria,and the diameter of bacteriostatic rings were 10mm and 3mm respectivelyThree years' tests of medicated effect at indoors pots showed that the average effectiveness of Duofennong on bacterial leaf stripe and leaf blight were 6619% and 6629% respectivelyControlling effectiveness of Yishuangqing(5772%-6385%) on bacterial leaf stripe was higher than that of Yeqingshuang(4114%-5434%) and the variation was significantControlling effectiveness of Yeqingshuang(6390%-7454%) on bacterial leaf was higher than that of Yishuangqing and the variation was notableMedicated effects of Kasumin and copper hydroxide on bacterial leaf stripe and leaf blight were both badMe dicated effect in plot from 1993-1994 showed that controlling effectiveness of Yishuangqing on bacterial leaf stripe was 1293%-3841% higher than that of YeqingshuangThe results in plot and demostration showed that Yishuangqing was an efficacious agent on controlling bacterial leaf stripeWhen disease index was lower than 5,at the beginning of disease,Yeshuangqing has the better effect(above 80%)