两次世界大战期间英国的对外政策及外交困境

The Britain's Foreign Policy and Diplomatic Difficult Position during the Two World Wars Period

两次世界大战期间英国对外政策的演变是引人注目的。英国从一战的战胜国、巴黎和会的操纵者、"欧洲均势"的维护者,转变为20世纪30年代绥靖政策的推行者,其外交政策明显从主动走向被动,以至丧失外交主动权,不得不消极"避战",获得虚势的"和平"。英国绥靖政策的实行,有其错综复杂的国内背景和社会根源,但本质上是由盛转衰的英国丧失战斗意志的软弱表现。

It is a noticeable thing of the foreign policy evolution of Britain during the two world wars period.Britain was the victorious nation of the World War I,Paris Peace Conference’s manipulator,the vindicator of ＂European power balance＂,and at last it transformed to carry out the Appeasement policy in 1930’s.Its foreign policy moved obviously from initiative to passive until it lost the diplomatic initiative.So it had to try ＂refusing battle＂ negatively in order to obtain the empty potential ＂peace＂.The implementation of Appeasement policy had its intriguing domestic background and the social root,but essentially it was the flabby performance that Britain lost its strategic will.