施肥对马铃薯钼吸收分配的影响

Effect of fertilization on uptake and distribution of molybdenum in potato plants

通过设对照(CK)、有机肥(M)、氮磷肥(NP)、有机肥与氮磷肥配合(M+NP)4个处理的田间试验,研究了施肥对马铃薯(品种为紫花白)钼吸收分配规律的影响。结果表明,马铃薯生育期中,全株钼含量变化在0.73～1.83mg/kg,叶、茎、块茎平均含量依次为3.20、0.98、0.57 mg/kg。随生育进程推进,全株及各器官钼吸收量呈"S"型曲线变化,均可用一元三次方程表达。块茎增长期是全株钼素吸收量最多、吸收速率最快的时期,最大吸收速率出现在出苗后55 d左右;最大吸收量出现在出苗后85 d左右。随着生长中心由茎叶向块茎的转移,钼在体内的分布相应由茎叶向块茎移动,收获期茎叶分布69%,钼的运转率为31%。每生产1000 kg鲜块茎,平均吸收钼0.506 g,消耗系数0.00017。有机肥或氮磷肥配施,均可大幅度提高马铃薯钼含量、吸收速率、吸收量;对促进钼素吸收呈正交互作用。

A field experiment was conducted to study the effects of fertilization on Molybdenum uptake and distribution in different organs of potato（Variety： Zihuabai）in the Tumochuan plain,Inner Mongolia.Four fertilizer treatments were set up,i.e.manure（M）,nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers（NP）,manure combined with N and P fertilizers（M＋NP）and a control（CK）.Results indicated that Mo concentration in plants ranged from 0.73 to 1.83 mg/kg and the average Mo concentration throughout whole growth stages in leaves,stems and tubers was 3.20,0.98,and 0.57 mg/kg,respectively.The amount of Mo uptake in the whole plant and organs presented a ＂S＂ curve with the growth and was well expressed by a simple cubic equation.The maximum of Mo absorption rate and accumulation in plant occurred at 55 and 85 days after emergence,respectively.The Mo content transferred to tube at harvesting accounted for 31% of total Mo in plant.The amount of Mo needed to produce 1000 kg tubes was 0.506 g and the consumption coefficient was 0.00017.Our experiment proved that fertilization increased Mo content,absorption rate and accumulation of potato significantly.Combined application of organic manure with N and P fertilizers had a positive interaction effect on Mo uptake.