论体育实践能力的类型与结构

Type and structure of sports practice capacity

本研究的前期研究确定了四种体育实践能力,即体育健身能力、体育娱乐能力、体育观赏能力和体育学习能力及其要素。本研究的目的在于进一步揭示这些能力因素在不同个体中的组合方式,概括出四种体育实践能力的类型特征及结构。研究表明,体育健身能力类型可分为:科学健身型、感性健身型、空谈健身型、远离健身型。体育娱乐能力类型可分为:身心享受型、身体享受型、心理享受型、不享受型。体育观赏能力类型可分为:专业观赏型、理论观赏型、经验观赏型、盲从观赏型。体育学习能力类型可分为:科学学习型、经验主导学习型、理论主导学习型、学习困难型。这种类型的差异主要是由个体体育知识技能、运动认知和体能、体育态度等方面的不同发展造成的。

A previous research fixed the structures of the four aspects of sports practice capacity（i.e.sports fitness capacity,sports entertainment capacity,sports viewing capacity and sports learning capacity）.The aim of the present research was to discover different composing patterns of these capability factors among sports practice and summarized each category＇s characteristics.The research showed that the sports fitness capacity could be divided into four categories： science fitness,emotional fitness,empty fitness,away from the fitness;sports entertainment capacity could be divided into four categories： enjoy physical and mental,enjoy the body,mental enjoy,non-enjoy;sports viewing capacity could be divided into four categories： professional,theoretical,experience and blind;sports learning capacity could be divided into four categories： science learning,experience learning,theory learning,learning difficulties.This type of difference is mainly caused by different development areas in the sports knowledge of individual skills,cognitive and physical exercise,and sports attitudes.