地图投影方法在航空与航天远距离解算中的应用

The Application of Map Projection Used in Solving Far Distance Aviation and Astronavigation

地球面上两点之间的大圆航线是两点之间的最短距离,虽然球心投影、球面投影等可求取两点间的大圆航线,但局限于半球范围。根据在世界范围内求取两点之间大圆航线的应用需求,提出了以正轴等距离切圆柱投影为地理底图,以同比例尺的横轴等距离切圆柱投影网为辅助工具,通过网格在赤道重合条件下左右移动,调整待求点至某一垂直圈或垂直圈带(相邻两垂直圈之间的地带)的方法,解决了这一问题。通过实例的图解和计算验证,证明本法的正确性,具有广泛的应用价值。

The great circle between two points on earth surface is the shortest short distance between two points.With gnomonic projecetion and stereographic projection may solve the great cercle between points but it limited hemisphere scope.Accoding to the application demand of solving great circle between two points in world scope,the authors put forward a new method that can solve the problem graphic solution of great circle between two points in world scope.This method has been proofed correct by the graphic solution and computation examples.