海洋船舶的微波辐射遥感研究

Research on Microwave Radiative Remote Sensing of the Ships on the Sea

根据微波辐射理论 ,船舶与海洋背景或陆地、岛屿表面的发射率相差很大 ,故使用毫米波辐射计可以探测海面上的船舶。讨论了海洋、天空及陆地等背景微波辐射特性 ,给出了计算船舶目标与海洋背景的天线温度对比度的公式 ,并给出 8mm及 3mm波段下几种背景的辐射温度曲线和不同高度下的海上目标的天线温度对比度的计算和测量数据 ,另外 ,介绍了毫米波辐射计探测海上船舶的实用的试验方法以及其应用前景。

According to the microwave radiative theory, there is a great difference in emissivity between the ships with the sea background, land and island surface, so it can be sensed by mmw radiometer to the ships on the sea. This paper discussed the microwave radiative character of the background about sea, sky, land and the metal objects. The formulas were gave about calculating antennal temperature contrast between the ship objects and sea background. On the 3mm and 8mm wave band, some calculated and measared data were obtained about radiative temperature curve in different background and the antennal temperature contrast of objects on the sea with mmw radiometer at different height. Otherwise, the research introduced practical test method and some applications about the mmw radiative sensing for the ship objects on the sea.