稻田与非稻田生境越冬节肢动物群落调查与分析

Overwintering Arthropod Community in Rice Habitat and Non-Rice Habitat

2008年11月至2009年3月,对清新县双季稻田的冬闲田WF、田埂FR、周围杂草WH以及黑麦草田LL等4种不同生境下的节肢动物越冬群落进行系统调查。结果如下:鉴定出包括昆虫纲8目22科和蛛形纲1目6科共33种节肢动物。其中,植食性昆虫16种,捕食性昆虫4种,寄生性昆虫3种,中性昆虫3种,蜘蛛类7种。闲田和杂草均以蜘蛛类为主要优势种类,而田埂和黑麦草田分别以半翅目和双翅目昆虫为最优势类群。Shannon-Wiener多样性指数(H)和Pielou均匀性指数(J)以田埂的最高,黑麦草田最低;优势度指数(C)以黑麦草田高,田埂最低。杂草地与黑麦草田Jaccard相似性指数(q)最高,而冬闲田与田埂的相似性指数最低。

From Nov.2008 to Mar.2009,a systematical investigation on overwintering arthropod community was carried out in rice habitat and non-rice habitat in Qingxin,Guangdong Province.The results are as follows： 33 species of arthropods were collected,including 4 species of predators,3 species of parasitoids,16 species of insect pests,3 species of neutral insects and 7 species of spiders.Spider is the dominant arthropod species in the rice-rice-winter follow field（WF） and weed habitat（WH）,while Hemiptera dominates in rice-rice-field ridge（FR） and Diptera dominates in Lolium multiflorum L.（LL） Shannon-Wiener diversity indexes（H） and Pielou-Evenness（J） are highest in FR and lowest in LL.Simpson dominance index（C） is the highest in LL and the lowest in FR.Jaccard similarity index is the highest between WH and LL,while WF and FR treatments is the lowest.