妊娠期糖尿病产后随访及临床干预必要性研究

Study on postpartum follow-up and necessity of clinical intervention in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus

目的:探讨妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)孕妇产后不同时期的糖代谢情况,了解GDM患者产后糖代谢紊乱发病率。方法:对100例GDM孕妇按产后饮食情况分成两组,分别为正常饮食组(64例)和糖尿病饮食组(36例),于产后6周、6个月、1年行OGTT及其他相关指标检查。结果:正常饮食组64例,产后6周、6个月、1年糖耐量异常发生率分别为40.6%、51.6%和53.1%,糖尿病饮食组产后6周、6个月、1年糖耐量异常发生率分别为19.4%,22.2%和27.8%,两组同期比较,差异有统计学意义,正常饮食组高于糖尿病饮食组,GDM患者糖尿病家族史阳性率与对照组比较差异有显著统计学意义(P<0.01),观察组高于对照组。结论:GDM孕妇产后糖代谢异常以糖耐量异常为主,产后继续饮食控制可有效减少患者产后糖代谢异常的发生率。

Objective：To explore the glucose metabolism status during different postpartum periods,and understand the incidence of postpartum glucose metabolism disorder in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM）.Methods：100 patients with GDM were divided into normal diet group （64 cases） and GDM group （36 cases） according to postpartum diet,OGTT and detection of other related indicators were conducted at 6 weeks,6 months and 12 months after delivery.Results：The incidences of impaired glucose tolerance at 6 weeks,6 months and 12 months after delivery in normal diet group and GDM group were 40.6%,51.6%,53.1% and 19.4%,22.2%,27.8%,respectively,there was significant difference between the two groups;there was significant difference in positive rate of diabetes mellitus history between GDM group and normal diet group （P 0.01）.Conclusion：The main type of postpartum glucose metabolism disorder is impaired glucose tolerance,consistent dietary restriction after delivery may reduce the incidence of postpartum glucose metabolism disorder effectively.