严复与孙中山思想之于中国社会变革

The Different Influence of Yan Fu and Sun Zhongshan's Thought on China's Social Transformation

严复与孙中山都以欧洲启蒙运动以来最重要的思想成就——进化论和人权学说为理论利器,来评判中国的社会与文化。由于他们社会角色定位的不同,观察问题的角度和重点不同,所处的政治经济地位不同,造成了他们对进化论和"天赋人权"理论的不同演绎,最终导致社会发展理念和政治主张的分歧。他们的思想各有独到的特色和价值,就推动中国社会进步而言是殊途同归的,在实践中也达到了互补作用。

Yan Fu and Sun Zhongshan both used evolution theory and human rights doctrine, which were the most important thought achievements from the Enlightenment, as weapons to criticize Chinese society and culture. Because of their different social roles, their different perspective and emphasis when ob- serving problems, their different locations in the politics and economy, they deduced differently from evolu- tion theory and human rights doctrine, which leaded to their divergence in political view and social develop ment idea. Their thought had their respective feature and value. They reached the same goal to promote China＇s social improvement by different routes and complemented each other in practice.