深圳市罗湖区4～5岁儿童行为问题早期干预研究

Investigation on behavioral problems of 4～5-year-old children and its intervention in Luohu of Shenzhen

【目的】了解深圳市4-5岁儿童行为问题的发生情况及主要行为问题,为早期实施适宜的心理保健提供参考依据。【方法】使用Achenbach儿童行为量表及家长和幼师调查问卷,调查罗湖区2 641名4-5岁儿童的行为发育和相关社会因素,将被调查儿童分完全干预和部分干预两组进行了心理干预,并调查干预1年后的效果。【结果】部分干预组行为问题检出率与干预前及对照组比较差异均有统计学意义（χ^2值为9.83和5.74,P均〈0.05）;完全干预组行为问题检出率与干预前、对照组和部分干预组比较差异均有统计学意义（χ^2值分别59.95、58.13、32.41,P均〈0.01）;干预后儿童行为问题各因子检出率明显低于对照组（P〈0.05）。【结论】对4-5岁儿童进行有针对性的早期心理干预对控制行为问题发生可以取得明确的近期效果。

【Objective】 To investigate the status of behavioral problems and explore the effects of psychological intervention in 4～5-year-old children of Shenzhen. 【Methods】 2 641 4-5-year-old children in 23 kindergartens and their parents and teachers were surveyed with Achenbach＇s Child Behavior Checklist（CBCL） and questionnaire respectively.The psychological interventions were adapted to the children grouped with complete intervention and partial intervention group. 【Results】 There was significant difference between part of the detection rate of behavioral problems in the intervention group and in the control group before intervention（χ^2=10.78,5.74,P〈0.05）;and it was statistically different between the detection rate in the complete intervention group,the pre-intervention group and the partial intervention group（χ^2=80.73,58.13 and 32.41,P〈0.01）;The detection rate of child behavioral problems of each factor was significantly lower than the control group after intervention（P〈0.05）. 【Conclusion】 Psychological intervention on 4-5-year-old children has confirmative short term effects.