城乡中学生艾滋病知识及知识来源的对比研究

Comparative study on knowledge level and route acquired of acquired immune deficiency syndrome between rural and urban high school students

【目的】了解中学生对于艾滋病知识的知信行现状和健康知识的来源,为学校开展预防艾滋病教育提供参考依据。【方法】采用整群抽样方法抽取山东省五市20所中学的1 950名中学生进行调查,收回1 837份,有效率为94.2%。【结果】40.6%的学生表示学校教育课和健康教育活动涉及了艾滋病预防知识;对艾滋病传播途径方面的回答城市中学生好于农村中学生,两组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);66.0%的城市中学生和57.7%的农村中学生认为对艾滋病病人应关心、同情(2χ=13.04,P<0.05);中学生获取健康知识的最主要途径是书籍、报刊、杂志,但是他们最希望通过学校教育来获取健康知识。【结论】中学生对部分艾滋病知识回答正确的比例较低,应进一步加强中学生,尤其是农村中学生防治艾滋病的健康教育工作。

【Objective】 To understand the current situation of acquired immune deficiency syndrome（AIDS） knowledge of middle school students in Shandong and to evaluate the effects of health education activities. 【Methods】 Using cluster random sampling,20 middle schools from five districts in Shandong were chosen.1 950 students participated in the survey,and 1 837 questionnaires were called back,the effective ratio was 94.2%. 【Results】 40.6% students said school education classes and health education activities related to the AIDS prevention knowledge;Correct rate of HIV transmission between rural and urban high school students were statistically significant（P0.05）;66.0% urban high school students and 57.7% rural high school students thought that AIDS patients should be caring,compassion（χ2=13.04,P0.05）.Most of the middle school students obtain health information through books,newspapers and magazines,but they most want to get it through school health education. 【Conclusions】 Correct answers rate of AIDS knowledge among high school students is low,health education of AIDS prevention should be further strengthened,particularly in rural high school.