光肩星天牛种群扩散规律的研究

Study on Dispersal of Anoplophora glabripennis (Motsch.) (Coleoptera:Cerambycidae) Population

为了探讨光肩星天牛成虫在自然界中种群扩散的模式和种群数量变动等问题,在甘肃省永靖县采用标记-回捕的方法进行了光肩星天牛的扩散规律研究。系统收集了光肩星天牛成虫种群在时间序列过程中的扩散资料,按照动态分析方法,对天牛成虫在杨树农田林网中的扩散规律进行了研究,并对影响天牛成虫扩散的因子进行了分析。结果表明:种群扩散有明显的方向性,由环境因素引起。对气象因素分析表明扩散格局主要受风向影响,各方向的回收数量都与其相同风向呈负相关,而与相反风向呈正相关,但与风速、温度和相对湿度关系不密切。成虫的扩散密度随距离和时间的增加而减少,其扩散距离与数量的关系可以用数学模型y=4 203.568 3x-1.117 56来表示。种群总体的平均扩散距离为423.7 m。雌虫和雄虫在扩散的方向和距离上无差异,但在回捕率上雄虫高于雌虫。光肩星天牛在农田防护林中可扩散至2 000 m以上,观测到的最远扩散距离为2 644 m。

In order to explore the dispersal pattern and the dynamics of Anoplophora glabripennis population in the nature,the authors studied the dispersal regulations of A.glabripennis by using the mark-recapture method in Yongjing County,Gansu Province.On the basis of collecting the dispersal data by the time-series process of A.glabripennis adult population,the dispersal pattern of A.glabripennis adults in poplar shelter forest network was studied and the factors effecting the dispersal were analyzed.The results indicated that the population dispersal had obvious direction was caused mainly by the environment.Meteorological factor analysis showed that the dispersal pattern was affected mainly by the wind direction.The amount of recapture at all direction had negative relationship with the same wind direction and positive relationship with the opposite wind direction,while it had no close relationship with wind speed,temperature and relative humidity.The dispersal density of adults decreased with the increase of distance and time,the relationship between the dispersal distance and the amount of adults could be described by the mathematic model y=4 203.568 3x-1.117 56.The population average dispersal distance was 423.7 m.There was no difference of dispersal direction and distance between male and female adults,only the recapture rate of male was higher than female.Adults could disperse to more than 2 000 m and even more.The farthest dispersal distance observed was 2 644 m.