NC机床恒温立柱模型的建立及热模态实验研究

Research on PCMs Constant Temperature Construction Upright Column of NC Machine Tools

利用相变材料固—液相变、液—固相变吸收或释放相变潜热而自身温度保持恒定的特性，将其引入精密机床热位移控制领域，建立起精密机床恒温部件传热模型；研究了相变材料复合恒温构件在机床热变形控制技术中的应用，在分析相变传热的基础上，讨论了包含相变过程二维传热特性，并推导了其传热过程的泛函表达式；利用有限元法计算复合相变材料恒温构件机床立柱的温度场和热位移值，并将之与实测值比较，二者基本吻合。实验结果表明相变材料复合恒温构件在减小精密机床部件的热位移方面效果明显，为机床热位移控制开辟了新思路，具有一定的实用价值和应用前景。

In this paper, the phase change materials(PCMs) is introduced to the control system of precision NC machine tools' thermal deformation. Base on the analysis of phase change thermal conduction, the characteristics of two-dimensional heat transmission contain the course of phase change is studied thoroughly. The functional equation is derived either. Applying finite-element method, the temperature field and thermal deformation are successfully calculated. The accuracy of the numerical method is demonstrated by comparison calculated results with those obtained from experimental measurements.