世纪无核葡萄在民勤“棚中棚”栽培越冬试验初报

A Preliminary Report on Experiment of Cultivation Overwintering of Centennial seedless with Shed Pairs of Membrane Key Technologies in Minqin Desert Oasis

经过4年对引进国外葡萄优良品种世纪(森田尼)无核在民勤荒漠区进行栽培试验,结果表明,在冬季外界最低气温-27.0℃以下,搭建"棚中棚"双层膜保护条件下最低气温在-8.0℃以上,葡萄植株可安全越冬。春季萌发时间晚于日光温室种植而早于露天种植,填补了温室种植和露天种植之间的葡萄成熟期时间空间,建立了"棚中棚"葡萄自有时空的市场域。同时,世纪无核品种"棚中棚"葡萄安全越冬保护性种植技术比常规单膜拱棚平均每年节约成本18%;该"棚中棚"和常规太阳能温室种植比较,可节约成本30%,比当地露天相同面积同龄葡萄园产值高6倍多,经济效益非常显著。在民勤荒漠绿洲区及同类地区具有较好的推广价值。

Cultivation experiment was conducted on the introduction of foreign grape（Vitaceae vitisl） fine vari-eties of centennial seedless in the desert areas of Minqin for four years,the results showed that the minimum tempera-ture was below-27.0 ℃ in outside of winter,and the shed membrane protective layer under the conditions of outside during the winter minimum temperature of above-8.0 ℃,grape plants can live though the winter safely.Its spring ger-mination time was later than in sunlight greenhouse plant by but it was earlier than in the open air.Compared to green-house cultivation,it has the trend of 30 d delay maturity;and compared to cultivation in the open air,it has the trend of significantly earlier 35 d maturity.To fill the greenhouse and open field cultivation of grapes between the maturity time and space.The establishment of a ＂shed roof＂ grape market its own space-time domain.Meanwhile,seedless variety ＂shed roof＂ on winter protection of grape cultivation technology than the conventional single-film shed average annual cost savings of 18%;the ＂studio in the shed＂ and the more conventional solar greenhouse can cost 30% the same area of the same age than the local open-air high six times and the value of the vineyard,economic benefit is very signifi-cant.Minqin desert oasis and similar regions have a better spread value.