从分歧走向融合——詹姆逊总体性思想探析

On the Thoughts of Jameson’s Totality

总体性思想的复兴与西方马克思主义的发展密切相关。但是随着后现代主义的兴起,对差异性、异质性的强调使总体性思想受到了前所未有的冲击和挑战。与此同时,在西方马克思主义内部,总体性思想也产生两种对立的观点。面对后现代主义者福柯、利奥塔等人的批判,面对西方马克思主义内部的分歧,詹姆逊挺身而出,提出了融合的总体性,强调对后现代主义与马克思主义、西方马克思主义内部人本主义和科学主义之间分歧的超越,从而实现了异质性与同质性、人文性与科学性的统一,以此回击各方质疑,化解总体性的危机,重申总体性的价值和意义,从根本上捍卫马克思主义的合法性。

The revival of totality was associated with the development of the Western Marxism. But in the mid-20th century, with the rise of post-modernism, totality had been unprecedentedly challenged due to the emphasis on differences and heterogeneity. At the same time, within the Western Marxist thoughts, there existed two opposing viewpoints about totality. In the face of Foucault, Lyotard and others＇ criticism on totality, and the divergence of the Western Marxism in totality, Jameson had put forward the integration of totality, which fights back all questions, resolves the crisis of totality, reaffirms the value and significance of totality. The thoughts of Jameson＇s totality get beyond the tension between post-modernism and Marxism, humanism and scientism in the western Marxism, realize the unity of heterogeneity and homogeneity, humanity and science, and fundamentally defend the legitimacy of Marxism.