黑方台黄土塬区地面变形成因分析

Ground Deformation in Heifangtai Loess Yuan

黄土由于其特殊的物质组成和结构而具有独特的沉陷性。由于西北地区耕地长期存在不合理的灌溉方式,由此而导致的地面变形逐渐成为黄土区最为普遍的地质灾害之一,给当地居民的生命财产带来巨大威胁。通过对影响黑方台黄土塬区地面变形的各种控制因素,包括地质因素、土体结构因素、灌溉因素以及地下水因素的概括总结,分析水土相互作用的过程及灌水与地面变形之间的关系。揭示了黑方台黄土塬区各种来源的潜蚀水潜蚀黄土后导致的以地面陷缝为主的地面变形的形成条件以及形成机制,对黄土地区地面变形的治理控制具有重要意义。

The ground deformation in the loess area has become the most common geological disasters.The reason is its special composition and structure of the settlement and traditional irrigation methods. Therefor,it has brought a great threat to the local people＇s lives and property.In view of this,the controlling factors of ground deformation,including geology,soil,irrigation and groundwater in the area of Heifangtai are summarized. The analysis of relationship between the water and ground deformation is given.This study shows the potential reason and mechanism of the ground deformation mainly consist of collapsible and cracks. The control of ground deformation in loess area is crucial.